Phenomenological Descriptions

The Observer  Sense of Presence It is the feeling of being in the present moment and space, that is, the feeling of being 'really there,' engaged with the present experience, knowing oneself there.  In other words, it is the feeling of being physically and subjectively immersed in a situation or environment, actively perceiving and experiencing what is happening. Sense of Ownership It is the feeling that something is part of us, that an object or part of our body "belongs to us."  This is clearly experienced in the context of body perception, where we feel that our limbs and organs are part of us.  It can also be experienced in situations where, for example, when using tools or devices, we begin to perceive the tool as integrating with our action, becoming part of our 'body extension' and our mind – an idea proposed by the thesis of the Extended Mind (Clark and Chalmers, 1998).  Therefore, the sense of ownership is related to the perception that something is ...

  The 4E cognition theory offers an innovative perspective on mental processes, arguing that cognition is embodied , embedded , enacted , and extended .  This approach challenges the traditional view, often marked by a neurocentrist perspective, tend to isolate the mind within the brain, treating cognitive processes as exclusively internal and disconnected from the body and the environment. ​ In this view, the body primarily functions as an input and output channel for the brain.  In contrast, the 4E approach proposes that cognition is inseparable from the bodily and contextual interactions that sustain it. Embodied  (previously presented in another post ) :  Cognition is deeply influenced by the physical body.  Our sensorimotor experiences shape and are shaped by cognitive processes .  Gallagher (2005) emphasizes that the body's role is central to cognition, highlighting that our bodily interactions with the environment fundamentally contribute ...

Embodied Mind The embodied cognition approach suggests that cognition does not occur in isolation within the brain, but is profoundly influenced by the body and its interactions with the environment.  Unlike traditional views that treat the mind as a separate entity, this perspective emphasizes that processes such as perception, memory, and thought are shaped by the bodily structure, sensorimotor abilities, and the physical and social context in which we are embedded.  Furthermore, embodied cognition highlights how awareness of our own body influences experience and how bodily aspects operate "behind the scenes" of cognition, preparing and structuring our interactions with the world. (Gallagher, 2005) References Gallagher, S. (2005). How the Body Shapes the Mind. Oxford: Clarendon Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/0199271941.001.0001